Which Issue Is Related To Long-Term Marijuana Use Brainly?

Which Issue Is Related To Long-Term Marijuana Use Brainly
What are the long-term impacts of marijuana on the brain? | National Institute on Drug Abuse Substantial evidence from animal studies and an increasing number of studies in people show that exposure to marijuana during development can result in long-lasting or perhaps irreversible brain alterations.

Later in life, rats exposed to THC before birth, shortly after birth, or throughout adolescence had significant difficulties with particular learning and memory tasks. Changes in the structure and function of the hippocampus are linked to cognitive deficits in adult rats exposed to THC throughout adolescence.

In rats, teenage THC exposure is connected with an altered reward system, which increases the possibility that an animal may self-administer additional drugs (such as heroin) if given the chance (see “”). Imaging investigations of the effects of marijuana on human brain anatomy have produced contradictory results.

  1. Some studies show that regular marijuana use throughout adolescence is related with altered connectivity and decreased volume of certain brain areas involved in a wide variety of executive functions, such as memory, learning, and impulse control, when compared to non-users.
  2. Other studies have not discovered any anatomical changes between the brains of drug users and non-users.

Several studies, including two large longitudinal studies, suggest that marijuana use can cause functional impairment in cognitive abilities, but that the degree and/or duration of the impairment depends on the age at which a person began using, the amount and duration of use, and the amount of marijuana used.

In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study that followed nearly 4,000 young adults for 25 years until mid-adulthood, cumulative lifetime exposure to marijuana was associated with lower verbal memory scores but had no effect on other cognitive abilities such as processing speed or executive function.

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Even after excluding current users and correcting for confounding variables such as demographic demographics, other drug and alcohol use, and mental problems such as depression, the impact remained substantial and statistically significant. Some studies have also connected marijuana use to IQ reductions, particularly when usage begins around youth and develops to a chronic cannabis use disorder in maturity.

However, not all studies on the relationship between marijuana and IQ have reached the same conclusion, and it is difficult to prove that marijuana causes a decline in IQ when multiple factors can influence the results of such studies, such as genetics, family environment, age of first use, frequency of use, cannabis use disorder, duration of use, and length of study.

Prioritary research in this field is outlined here. A major longitudinal research in New Zealand indicated that persistent marijuana use disorder with regular use beginning in youth was related with a loss of 6 to 8 IQ points in mid-adulthood. Those who heavily used marijuana as adolescents and then quit as adults did not regain the lost IQ points.

People who began heavy marijuana use as adults did not see a decline in IQ. Two shorter-duration prospective longitudinal twin studies found that youth who used marijuana experienced significant declines in verbal ability (equivalent to 4 IQ points) and general knowledge between the preteen years (ages 9 to 12 before use) and late adolescence/early adulthood (ages 17 to 20); however, those who went on to use marijuana at older ages already had lower scores on these measures at the beginning of the study, before they began using the drug.

Long-term marijuana use can lead to brain damage, study shows

Also, there was no discernible difference between twins when one took marijuana and the other did not. To determine definitely whether marijuana usage causes long-term IQ declines and if aspects that were not assessed in past study, such as the growing THC content of cannabis and the appearance of novel cannabis products, are important, more research is required.

In addition, the ability to draw clear conclusions regarding marijuana’s long-term effects on the human brain from earlier research is sometimes hampered by the use of numerous drugs by study participants and the lack of information about their health or mental functioning prior to the study. The National Institutes of Health are financing a big longitudinal research that will follow a large sample of young Americans from late childhood (before to their first drug use) to early adulthood over the next decade.

The project will utilize neuroimaging and other modern techniques to determine precisely how and to what extent marijuana and other drugs impact the brain development of adolescents, both individually and in combination. Cannabinoid receptor distribution in the rat brain.

Cannabinoid receptors are abundant in numerous regions of the brain, including the cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and nucleus accumbens (orange and yellow) (ventral striatum). THC changes the way in which the hippocampus, the region of the brain responsible for memory formation, processes information, hence causing marijuana-induced memory impairment.

The majority of the supporting data for this claim comes from animal research. Later in life, rats exposed to THC in utero, shortly after birth, or throughout adolescence demonstrate significant difficulties with particular learning and memory tasks. In addition, cognitive impairment in adult rats is connected with anatomical and functional alterations in the hippocampus resulting from adolescent THC exposure.

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People lose neurons in the hippocampus as they age, which reduces their ability to acquire new knowledge. Chronic THC exposure may expedite the loss of hippocampus neurons associated with aging. In one study, rats treated to THC daily for eight months (about 30 percent of their lifetime) had nerve cell loss at 11 to 12 months of age comparable to that of animals twice their age who were not exposed.

NIDA.2021, April 13. What are the long-term effects of marijuana on the brain? Retrieved from https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/what-are-marijuanas-long-term-effects-brain NIDA. What are the long-term effects of marijuana on the brain? What are marijuana’s long-term effects on the brain? NIDA.

What are marijuana’s long-term effects?

In addition to memory, additional studies have examined the long-term effects of marijuana on dopamine. According to a study published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, excessive marijuana use can impair the production of the neurotransmitter that controls the brain’s pleasure and reward regions.

Even if some data, like as that published in JAMA, suggests that long-term marijuana use has a low risk of bodily repercussions, scientists warn caution.

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